POWER CONSUMPTION OPTIMIZATION OF 2000W BLDC MOTOR WITH VOTOL EM-100 CONTROLLER ON SINGAPERBANGSA EV-1 IN DYNAMIC TERRAIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35261/barometer.v11i2.13186Abstract
Electric vehicles often face efficiency challenges when operating in dynamic road conditions that cause significant current fluctuations. This study aims to optimize the power consumption of the "Singaperbangsa EV-1" Electric Car using the VOTOL EM-100 controller based on Field-Oriented Control (FOC) and SVPWM modulation combined with a 66V 25Ah (2C) Li-ion battery. Empirical testing was conducted on five terrain conditions (flat, 30° uphill, downhill, turning, rocky) with real-time data collection at 1-second intervals. The results showed that the FOC algorithm effectively stabilized momentum, recording the best efficiency on flat terrain at 12.63 Wh/km. Under extreme load (uphill), the system maintained stability with a maximum voltage drop of only 7.84%, significantly superior to the previous prototype (12-15%). Topography proved to be the most dominant variable, where uphill energy consumption increased by 3.2 times (40.65 Wh/km) compared to flat terrain. Conversely, downhill terrain recorded the lowest consumption (0.71 Wh/km), although the potential for regenerative braking was not fully measured due to unidirectional sensor limitations. Furthermore, the FOC torque response proved more efficient in damping rocky terrain shocks (13.18 Wh/km) compared to turning maneuvers. These findings provide valid technical recommendations for improving the propulsion stability of local electric vehicles.
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